Red Man Syndrome

Teaching video link:
youtu.be/9ZS6gvhMe2Y&list=PLOlpsJ0eDlASRw1LywI2iGfzDTqxlAYFJ

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Red Man Syndrome: 
- Red Man Syndrome (RMS) is an adverse reaction to vancomycin
- Vancomycin: powerful antibiotic for gram-positive bacterial infections
- Understanding RMS is crucial for safe medication administration

What is Red Man Syndrome?
- Collection of symptoms occurring during or after vancomycin infusion
- Anaphylactoid reaction, not an allergic reaction
- Important distinction for proper patient care

Causes and Risk Factors
- Rapid infusion of vancomycin triggers histamine release
- Risk factors include:
  - Rapid infusion rate
  - High dose
  - Previous history of RMS

Symptoms
- Flushing (face, neck, upper torso)
- Skin redness (erythema)
- Itching (pruritus)
- Hives (urticaria)
- Low blood pressure
- Rapid heart rate
- Difficulty breathing
- Chest pain
- Swelling beneath the skin (angioedema)

Immediate Actions
1. Stop vancomycin infusion immediately
2. Monitor vital signs closely
3. Administer antihistamines (e.g., diphenhydramine)
4. Consider additional medications if severe (consult hospital protocol)

Prevention Strategies
- Adhere to recommended infusion rates (at least 60 minutes)
- Consider pre-medication with antihistamines for high-risk patients
- Educate patients about RMS symptoms and reporting

Conclusion
- RMS: significant but usually transient and benign when managed properly
- Key points:
  - Recognize symptoms quickly
  - Act promptly
  - Implement preventive measures
- Always consult senior colleagues and hospital guidelines